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Inachis io
Peacock Butterfly
Tagpfauenauge
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Specimen photographed in Düring
(Niedersachsen) on July 19, 2009.
Specimen photographed in Neuried (Bayern) on
April 8, 2007.
Specimen
photographed in Willmars (Bayern) on August 8,
2004.
Subspecies
Original
description
Synonyms
Papilio io
Linnaeus, 1758
Nymphalis io
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Aglais io
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Vanessa io
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Inachis io (Linnaeus, 1758)
Vanessa io io (Linnaeus, 1758)
Inachis io io
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Papilio io ioides
Ochsenheimer, 1807
Vanessa io ioides (Ochsenheimer, 1807)
Inachis io ioides
(Ochsenheimer, 1807)
Vanessa io
veronensis Garbini, 1883
Inachis io
veronensis (Garbini, 1883)
Vanessa io pavo
Stichel, 1902
Inachis io pavo
(Stichel, 1902)
Vanessa io pallida
Tutt, 1896
Inachis io pallida
(Tutt, 1896)
Vanessa io
dyophthalmica Garbini, 1883
Inachis io
dyophthalmica (Garbini, 1883)
Vanessa io
cyanosticta Raynor
Vanessa io fulva
Oud.
Vanessa io
calorefacta Urech
Vanessa io
exoculata Weym.
Vanessa io
fischeri Standfuss
Vanessa io
antigone Fisch.
Vanessa io jocaste
Urech
Vanessa io iocaste Urech (Spuler?)
Vanessa io narses
Schultz
Vanessa io
belisaria Oberthür
Vanessa io extrema
Fisch.
Vanessa io sardoa
Staudinger, 1871
Inachis io sardoa
(Staudinger, 1871)
Vanessa io geisha
Stichel, 1908
Vanessa io
caucasica Jach.
Vanessa io pallens
Knoch.
Vanessa io
mesoides Reuss
Vanessa io
teloides Reuss
Vanessa io
teloidessplendens Reuss
Vanessa io
telomesoides Reuss
Vanessa io
mesoteloides Reuss
Vanessa io
prochnovi Pronin
Vanessa io
violascens Rebel
Vanessa io irene
Prüff.
Vanessa io
hackrayi Cab.
Vanessa io astrida
Derenne
Vanessa io
nigromaculata Kleinschmidt, 1929
Inachis io nigromaculata
(Kleinschmidt, 1929)
Vanessa io
transparens Beuret
Vanessa io askysia
Haanshus, 1920
Inachis io askysia
(Haanshus, 1920)
Inachis io
nigrolimbata Verity, 1950
In the past, this species has erroneously been
placed in the genus Vanessa, but this was due
to a misapplication of the genus name: the
type of Vanessa is the nominal Papilio
atalanta.
Some authors prefer to form large genera and
include all genera related to Nymphalis as
synonyms. By contrast, Wahlberg and Nylin
(2003) have performed a phylogenetic analysis
of Nymphalis s.l. and show that it consists of
several monophyletic groups that correspond to
the usually recognized genera. These authors
synonymize the genera Aglais and Inachis,
because together they form a monophyletic
group. However, both Aglais and Inachis are
monophyletic as well and there is no need to
synonymize these two genera. The coloration of
Inachis io is very different from the Aglais
species and thus warrants the inclusion in a
separate genus. In addition, the combination
of the epithet io with the genus name Inachis
is widely accepted, while the combination with
Aglais has never been used before the paper by
Wahlberg and Nylin (2003) and thus introduces
an unnecessary new combination and unnecessary
nomenclatural instability. Thus, I do not
accept the synonymy of Aglais and Inachis.
Identification
Distribution
Biology
This page has been updated on August 19, 2012
This site is online since May 31, 2005
Copyright © by Nikola-Michael Prpic. All
rights reserved.
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