Lingua Aegyptia

Glossing Ancient Egyptian – Good practice examples

Please find recomendations for the Interlinear Morphemic Glossing of Ancient Egyptian ...

in the article Glossing Ancient Egyptian. Suggestions for adapting the Leipzig Glossing Rules by C. Di-Biase-Dyson, F. Kammerzell & D.A. Werning (in the appendix of LingAeg 17)

and now

in the collaborative online Wiki Glossing Ancient Languages and Texts on the pages with
- Glossing recommendations for Hieroglyphic Egyptian and
- Glossing recommendations for Coptic.

Examples

The following examples exemplify the suggestions in the 2009 article by Daniel A. Werning and Camilla Di Biase-Dyson. Personal preferences of the authors may show the variety of possible adaptations.

New Kingdom Middle Egyptian (Daniel A. Werning, 2009)

Hieroglyphic text witness
Transcription	\|²	m=ṯn	=wj	Ꜥq<=j>	m=	tꜢ=	jmn-t
Glossing		ATTN=2PL	=1SG	go_in:IPFV[=1SG]	in=	land(M.SG).STC=	west-F.SG
Translation		I am entering the land of the west.


šzp	=wj	Ꜥ(w)-wj=ṯn	r=j
recieve:IMP	=1SG	arm-M:DU=2PL	to=1SG

Receive me! (Give) me your hands!


m=ṯn	=wj	<r>ḫ{r}-kw	s-t=ṯn	ḫnt-(ï)t	dwꜢ-t
ATTN=2PL	=1SG	get_to_know:RES-1SG	seat-F.SG=2PL	in_front-ADJZ.F	underworld-F.SG

I know your place in the underworld.

...


\|³	sḏm=ṯ\|⁴n	mdw-w=	(W)sr(w)
	hear:NMLZ.IPFV=2PL	word-M.PL.STC=	Osiris(M.SG)

You will hear the words of Osiris,


m=ḫt	=js	Ꜥp(j)-n=j	dwꜢ-t
in=following	=FOCZ	pass:NMLZ-ANT=1SG	underworld-F.SG

even after I have passed the underworld.

Book of Caverns, 1st Cav.; 13th cent. BCE [tomb of Ramesses VII; approx. 1130 BCE]
(A. Piankoff, Livre des Qererets, Cairo 1946: pl.III)

Late Egyptian (Camilla Di Biase-Dyson, 2009)

Hieroglyphic transliteration
Transcription	ḫr	(ı͗)n	bn	ı͗w=w	(r)	dı͗.t=s	n=k
Glossing	CORD	Q	NEG	FUT=3PL	[:FUT]	give:INF=3SG.F	PDAT=2SG.M
Translation	But will they not give it to you?


m.ı͗r	ı͗yı͗	r=	ptı͗	tꜢ	ḥr-yt	n=	pꜢ	ym
PROH	come:INF	PALL=	see:INF	ART:F.SG	terror-F	PGEN=	ART:M.SG	sea

Don’t come in order to see the terror of the sea.


wnn	ı͗w=k	(ḥr=)	ptı͗	tꜢ	ḥr-yt	n=	pꜢ	ym
when	BS=2SG.M	[PSUP=]	see:INF	ART:F.SG	terror-F	PGEN=	ART:M.SG	sea

Whenever you see the terror of the sea,


ı͗w=k	(r)	ptı͗	tꜢy=ı͗	ḥꜤ-t=ı͗
FUT=2SG.M	[:FUT]	see:INF	POSS:F.SG=1SG	body-F=1SG

you shall see my own.


yꜢ	bw.pw=ı͗	ı͗ry	n=k
EXLM	NEG:did=1SG	do:INF	PDAT=2SG.M

Indeed, I have not done to you


pꜢ	ı͗rı͗=w	(n=)	nꜢ	wp.wty-w	n=	ḪꜤı͗.m.wꜢs.t
ART:M.SG	do:REL.PFV	[PDAT=]	ART:PL	envoy-M.PL	PGEN=	Khaemwaset

that which they did (to) the envoys of Khaemwaset.

The Misfortunes of Wenamun; pMoscow 120, 2, 49; approx. 10th cent. BCE
(A.H. Gardiner, Late Egyptian Stories, p.72, l.2)

Please note that the recommendations on the online Wiki Glossing Ancient Languages and Texts are somewhat more developed. Please compare the versions and contribute to the online Wiki.

New Kingdom Middle Egyptian (Daniel A. Werning, 2013)

Hieroglyphic text witness
Egyptological transcription	\|²	m=ṯn	wı͗	Ꜥq<=ı͗>	m	tꜢ-ı͗mn.t
Glossing transcription		m-čn	=wj	Ꜥḳ-j	m=	tꜢ=	jmn:t
Glossing		ATTN-2PL	=1SG	go_in:IPFV-1SG	in=	land(M)[SG]=	west:F[SG]
Translation		I am entering the land of the west.


šzp	wı͗	Ꜥ(w).(wï)=ṯn	r=ı͗
šzp	=wj	Ꜥw:wï-čn	r-j
recieve:IMP	=1SG	arm(M)-DU-2PL	to-1SG

Receive me! (Give) me your hands!


m=ṯn	wı͗	<r>ḫ{r}.kw	s.t=ṯn	ḫnt.(ï)t	dwꜢ.t
m-čn	=wj	rḫ-kw	s:t-čn	ḫnt-ï-t	ṭwꜢ:t
ATTN-2PL	=1SG	get_to_know:RES-1SG	seat:F[SG]-2PL	in_front-ADJZ-F	underworld:F[SG]

I know your place in the underworld.

...


\|³	sḏm=ṯ\|⁴n	mdw.(w)=(W)sr(w)
	sč̣m-čn	mṭw-w=	Wsr:w
	hear:NMLZ.IPFV-2PL	word(M)-PL=	Osiris(M)[SG]

You will hear the words of Osiris,


m-ḫt	js	Ꜥp(ı͗).n=ı͗	dwꜢ.t
m=ḫt	=js	Ꜥp:n-j	ṭwꜢ:t
in=following	=FOCZ	pass:NMLZ.ANT-1SG	underworld:F[SG]

even after I have passed the underworld.

Book of Caverns, 1st Cav.; 13th cent. BCE [tomb of Ramesses VII; approx. 1130 BCE]
(A. Piankoff, Livre des Qererets, Cairo 1946: pl.III)

Late Egyptian (Daniel A. Werning, 2013)

Hieratic text witness

Hieroglyphic transliteration
Egyptological transcription	ḫr	(ı͗)n	bn	ı͗w=(w)	(r)	dı͗.t=s	n=k
Glossing transcription	ḫr	jn	bn	jw-w	r=	ṭj:t-s	n-k
Glossing	CORD	Q	NEG	FUT₁-3PL	FUT₁=	give:INF-3SG.F	for-2SG.M
Translation	But will they not give it to you?


m-ı͗r	ı͗yı͗	r	pt{r}ı͗	tꜢ	ḥry.t	n	pꜢ	ym
m_jr	jy	r=	ptj	tꜢ=	ḥry:t	n=	pꜢ=	ym
PROH	come:INF	to=	see:INF	DEF:F.SG=	terror:F	of=	DEF:M.SG=	sea

Don’t come in order to see the terror of the sea.


wn(n)	ı͗w=k	(ḥr)	pt{r}ı͗	tꜢ	[ḥr⌉y.t	n	pꜢ	ym
wnn	jw-k		ptj	tꜢ=	ḥry:t	n=	pꜢ=	ym
when	BS-2SG.M	[at]	see:INF	DEF:F.SG=	terror:F	of=	DEF:M.SG=	sea

Whenever you see the terror of the sea,


ı͗w=k	(r)	pt{r}ı͗	tꜢy=ı͗	ḥꜤ-t=ı͗
jw-k	r=	ptj	tꜢy-j	ḥꜤ:t-j
FUT₁-2SG.M	FUT₁=	see:INF	POSS:F.SG-1SG	body:F-1SG

you shall see my own.


yꜢ	bw.pw=ı͗	ı͗rï	n=k
yꜢ	bw:pw-j	jrï	n-k
EXLM	NEG:did-1SG	do:INF	for-2SG.M

Indeed, I have not done to you


pꜢ	ı͗rı͗=⌈w⌉	<n>	⌈nꜢ⌉	ı͗pwtï[.w]	n	ḪꜤı͗-m-WꜢs.t
pꜢ=	jr-w	n=	nꜢ=	jpwt:ï-w	n=	ḪꜤ_m_WꜢs:t
DEF:M.SG=	do:REL.PFV-3PL	for=	DEF:PL=	envoy(M)-PL	of=	Kha-em-waset

that which they did to the envoys of Kha-em-waset.

The Misfortunes of Wenamun; pMoscow 120, 2, 49; approx. 10th cent. BCE
(A.H. Gardiner, Late Egyptian Stories, p.72, l.2)

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Daniel Werning, Aug. 2013