Tinea formosella Denis et Schiffermueller, 1775
Callima formosella (Denis et Schiffermueller, 1775)
Epicallima formosella (Denis et Schiffermueller, 1775)
Dafa formosella (Denis et Schiffermueller, 1775)
The genus name Epicallima was proposed by
Dyar (1903) as a new
replacement name for the genus name Callima, which was believed by Dyar
to be a junior homonym of Kallima, a genus of tropical butterflies.
Indeed, there is an Article in the Code that states that the use of "c"
or "k" for the same letter is deemed to be identical (Article 58.5).
There is little doubt that in Callima and Kallima the "C" and the "K"
are used for the same letter, and the two names would qualify for
Article 58.5 and thus be homonyms as assumed by
Dyar (1903).
Unfortunately, however, Article 58.5 only applies to species-group
names, and Callima and Kallima are genus-group names. For these names
the Code has different provisions in Article 56 and in Article 56.2 the
Code states: "Even if the difference between two genus-group names is
only one letter, they are not homonymous". Thus, Callima and Kallima are
not homonyms and the new replacement name Epicallima for Callima is
unneccessary.
I understand why
Dyar (1903) thought that the two names should be
regarded as homonyms, even though this notion contradicts the Code. The
two names are pronounced identically and this could lead to confusion,
at least during oral conversation about these names. However, in its current
form the Code does not permit any alternative interpretations to the
rule in Article 56, neither by making exceptions similar to the ones in
Article 58 for the species-group names, nor by allowing exceptions by
prevailing usage. Thus, in its current form the Code enforces the use of
Callima and Kallima as two non-homonymous names, and therefore defines
Callima as the valid name for the genus that also contains the present species, and I use this name here. But I
would like to add that I believe that Article 56 is one of very few
problematic Articles of the Code and should be revised in a future
edition of the Code to include at least some exceptions, similar to
Article 58 for the species-group names.
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